RF PCB Design and Challenges in Integration with Digital Circuits
Radio Frequency (RF) printed circuit boards (PCBs) are high-speed circuits operating at frequencies of 100 MHz and above, often ranging from 500 MHz to 2 GHz. RF PCBs are the [...]
The Shrinking Size of PCB Circuits: Design Challenges and Solutions
Today, the reduction in the size of basic circuit boards will allow designers to shrink their PCB dimensions by half, or even down to a quarter of the original size. [...]
Understanding Lithium Battery Internal Resistance Testing
The internal resistance testing is actually quite similar to the AC impedance testing method. The principle is essentially based on the volt-ampere method, which means calculating the impedance by dividing [...]
In PCB Reverse Engineering Process, How to Correct Deformed Films?
In the PCB reverse engineering process, sometimes the film may deform due to failure of temperature and humidity control or excessive heat rise in the exposure machine. If the process [...]
Why Signal Traces Should Not Cross Plane Splits?
One crucial rule in PCB design that cannot be emphasized enough is: Never route signals across split planes. This principle has been stressed in many PCB design tutorials, but unfortunately, [...]
Integrated Circuits and Photonic Integrated Circuits: Current Trends and Future Applications
Integrated circuits (ICs) integrate pre-designed electronic circuits onto a silicon substrate, combining thousands or even millions of transistors on a single chip. This innovation has driven the miniaturization of electronic [...]
Understanding Resonance Frequency Formulas: Series and Parallel Circuits
Overview In digital circuits, both sending and receiving data require a clock reference. Data can be sampled on the rising edge, falling edge, or both the rising and falling edges [...]
IGBT, MOSFET, and Transistor: Application Scenarios and Differences
Some devices use a component that sounds very impressive—IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor). From high-speed trains and electric vehicles to small appliances like air conditioners and induction cookers, it’s commonly [...]